上臂外侧皮瓣在口腔癌术后缺损修复中的初步应用

目的 探讨上臂外侧皮瓣（LAFF）在口腔软组织缺损修复重建中的应用价值。方法用上臂外侧皮瓣即刻修复口腔鳞癌根治术后的继发缺损10例。结果 除1例皮瓣坏死外，其余9例组织瓣全部成活，口腔组织形态和功能恢复满意。7例患者供区有麻木感，无其他并发症。结论 与前臂桡侧皮瓣相比，由于LAFF优点诸多，在口腔中小型软组织缺损的修复中，LAFF是一种可选择的优秀皮瓣。     

Histologic evaluation of effect of thiocyanate topical application on hamster cheek pouch

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of topical thiocyanate (SCN⁻) application on hamster cheek pouch mucosa. Sixty-six hamsters were divided into two groups. The test substance containing potassium thiocyanate was applied on the hamsters’ cheek pouches at 55 mg/kg dosages. Cheek pouches were grossly examined after 12 weeks. Histometric evaluation included height measurements from the epithelium without stratum corneum, stratum corneum, and full epithelium. Clear cells frequency was compared between groups. Results were analyzed using Student’s t test. The experimental group showed a lower height of the stratum corneum (p=0.035) and higher frequency of clear cells (p<0.001). There was no height difference for the epithelium without stratum corneum (p=0.677) and full epithelium (p=0.904) between groups. SCN⁻ promotes no gross alterations on hamsters’ cheek pouch and does not induce dysplastic features at the epithelium or inflammation at the connective tissue. The ion promotes histologic alterations on mucosa that need to be investigated in further studies.     

念珠菌与口腔扁平苔藓关系的临床研究

目的：阐明口腔扁平苔藓（Oral lichen planus,OLP）与白色念珠菌（candida albicans,CA）关系同时,明确其与非白念致病性念珠菌关系.方法：选取40例糜烂型及非糜烂型OLP患者及20例健康志愿者.采用含漱液浓缩培养法,并结合应用芽管试验、厚膜孢子形成试验及温度试验常规培养等方法分离、鉴定各组中致病念珠菌菌种.结果：糜烂型OLP组念珠菌培养阳性率（60%）显著高于非糜烂型OLP组（25%）和对照组（15%）的念珠菌阳性培养率（p＜0.01）.糜烂型OLP组念珠菌阳性培养菌落数显著高于对照组及非糜烂型OLP组念珠菌阳性培养菌落数.糜烂型OLP中CA分离率（64%）,显著低于非糜烂型OLP组（88%）（p＜0.05）和对照组（100%）（p＜0.01）中CA分离率.糜烂型OLP中都柏林念珠菌（Candida dubliniensis,CD）分离率（14.1%）高于非糜烂型OLP组中CD分离率（4%）（p＜0.05）.其他非白念致病念珠菌的分离率也以糜烂型OLP组（21.9%）为最高,显著高于非糜烂型OLP组（8%）（p＜0.05）.结论：糜烂型OLP所伴念珠菌感染主要为CA.糜烂型OLP所伴念珠菌感染的念珠菌菌种复杂,非白念致病菌念珠菌尤其是CD起着重要作用.     

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂GW2974对口腔鳞状细胞癌生长抑制作用的实验研究

目的评价表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂GW2974对由二甲基苯并蒽（dimethyl-benzanthracene，DMBA）诱导的金黄地鼠颊囊癌发生模型的抑制作用。方法100只金黄地鼠，10只为阴性对照，其余90只于左侧颊囊涂0．5％DMBA，每周3次。6周后随机分为阳性对照组、GW2974低浓度组、GW2974高浓度组。阳性对照组不做处理，其余两组于左侧颊囊涂不同浓度的（4mmol／L，8mmol／L）GW2974。24周末处死所有动物，取左侧颊囊黏膜，计算肿瘤发生率、平均肿瘤数目、肿瘤体积和肿瘤负荷，光镜下观察各组单纯增生、异常增生和鳞癌数目并计算鳞癌的发生率。结果通过局部应用4mmol／L和8mmol／L的GW2974，肿瘤发生率从80．0％分别下降到43．3％（13／30，P〈0．01）和36．7％（11／30，P〈0．01），平均肿瘤数目从1．00±0．87分别下降到0．57±0．82（P〈0．05）和0．43±0．63（P〈0．05），平均肿瘤体积和平均肿瘤负荷均逐渐降低，口腔鳞状细胞癌发生率分别从70．0％下降到40．0％（12／30，P〈0．05）和33．3％（10／30，P〈0．01），口腔鳞状细胞癌数目分别从1．83±1．91下降到0．67±0．99（P〈0．05）和0．43±0．68（P〈0．01）。结论局部应用GW2974可明显抑制金黄地鼠颊囊癌的发生，提示GW2974对口腔癌可能具有较强的癌症化学预防和治疗作用，口腔黏膜局部用药可能是预防和治疗口腔癌的一个有效途径。     

Plaque and gingivitis in the elderly: a randomized, single-blind clinical trial on the outcome of intensified mechanical or antibacterial oral hygiene measures

OBJECTIVES: To study the outcome of intensified mechanical oral hygiene compared with the effect of an adjunctive antibacterial mouth rinse on plaque and gingivitis in elderly people. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a randomized, single-blind, 6-month controlled clinical study, 106 subjects, 55 years or older, were divided into four groups: (I) Participants were instructed on improved mechanical oral hygiene, including interdental hygiene; (II) subjects used an antibacterial mouth rinse containing amine and stannous fluoride in addition to their usual oral hygiene practices; (III) both intensive mechanical and antibacterial measures were combined; and (IV) a control group with no specific regimen. Gingivitis and plaque were examined. RESULTS: After 6 months, both plaque and gingivitis scores were significantly lower than at baseline in all groups. Reductions in gingivitis differed significantly between the control group and all other groups but not between the three intervention groups. Only groups with improved mechanical oral hygiene showed significant improvements in plaque scores compared with control. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive mechanical oral hygiene resulted in greater plaque reduction than the combination of an antibacterial rinse and usual oral hygiene procedures. Gingivitis was reduced by both intensive oral hygiene and use of the amine/stannous fluoride rinse. Combining intensive mechanical oral hygiene with the antibacterial rinse did not result in further gingivitis reduction.     

桔梗、甘草及其组成的复方对口腔病原菌生长影响的体外实验

目的 :探讨桔梗、甘草及其组成的复方中药对常见致龋菌和牙周病原菌生长的影响。方法 :用 φ =65 %的乙醇溶液分别对桔梗、甘草及其组成的复方中药进行初步提取 ,观察 3种粗提物对常见口腔致病菌生长的抑制影响 ,并检测其最小抑菌浓度 (minimalinhibitoryconcentration ,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度 (minimalbactericidalconcentration ,MBC)。结果 :桔梗不影响口腔致病菌的生长 ,甘草仅对致龋菌有抑制作用 ,对S .mutansMT814 8和S .sobrinus 6715的MIC均为 3.91mg/ml;而桔梗和甘草组成的复方明显抑制 4种实验菌株的生长 ,对S .mutansMT814 8和S .sobrinus 6715的MIC为 1.96mg/ml ,对P .gingivalis 381的MIC为 3.91mg/ml,B .forsythus 430 37的MIC为 7.81mg/ml。 结论 :桔梗和甘草组成的复方抑菌和杀菌效果均优于单味药     

Plaque inhibitory effect of a 0.05% cetyl-pyridinium chloride mouth-rinse in a 4-day non-brushing model

To cite this article:
Int J Dent Hygiene 9 , 2011; 266–273 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2010.00490.x
García V, Rioboo M, Serrano J, O′Connor A, Herrera D, Sanz M. Plaque inhibitory effect of a 0.05% cetyl‐pyridinium chloride mouth‐rinse in a 4‐day non‐brushing model. Abstract: Objectives: Results from clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of the adjunctive use of cetyl‐pyridinium chloride (CPC) containing oral hygiene products have shown wide variability, probably due to differences in formulations. The objective of this study was to determine the inhibitory plaque effect of a 0.05% CPC mouth rinse in de novo plaque formation in a 4‐day non‐brushing experimental model. Materials and methods: The study was designed as a short‐term double‐blind randomized cross‐over experimental model aimed to compare three products: a negative control (similar to the test product, without active ingredients), a positive control (with 0.12% chlorhexidine and CPC) and the test product (with 0.05% CPC) in terms of plaque index, gingival inflammation and microbiological variables. Results: Plaque levels after 4 days were 2.88 for the positive control, 3.86 for the negative control and 3.60 for the test. Differences among groups on day 4 were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Gingival index showed comparable values at baseline (P = 0.745), and significant increases were observed, with the exception of the positive control. Total colony forming units showed comparable values at baseline (P = 0.125) and significant increases were observed only in the negative control. Conclusions: The tested 0.05% CPC mouth‐rinse is capable of inhibiting plaque formation.     

口腔白色念珠菌病95 例临床分析及治疗体会

目的：探讨口腔白色念珠菌病的发病原因，提出初步治疗和预防措施。方法：对95例口腔白色念珠菌患者进行分型，并采用氟康唑、多抗甲素等药物对各型口腔念珠菌病患者进行综合治疗，观察其疗效；同时进行真菌学学涂片镜检，了解所用药物对白色念珠菌的清除情况。结果：综合治疗后，白色念珠菌病患者治愈率为35．79％，好转率为57．89％；白色珠菌清除率为80．59％。结论：白色念珠菌为条件致病菌，在全身或局部因素诱导下容易发病，氟康唑等药物能有效治疗口腔白色念珠菌病。     

儿童呼吸方式与颅面、气道、牙(牙合)形态的相关性研究

目的研究儿童呼吸方式与颅面、气道、牙骀形态的相关性。方法选择72例11～14岁的正畸科初诊患者，使用口鼻气流同步测量仪测量其口、鼻气流比例并计算口呼吸比例，在X线头影测量片和牙模型上测量颅面、气道、牙骀的形态学指标86项，通过t检验筛选出16项有统计学意义及临床意义的指标，进行多元回归分析（向后法）和简单直线回归分析。结果下面高与全面高之比（ANS-Me／N-Me）、下颌角（Ar-Go-Me）、扁桃体或舌根后缘与咽后壁的最小距离（P-T）、上颌基骨宽度（SHJK）与口呼吸比例的密切程度逐渐降低（P〈0．05），多元回归系数分别为3．359，0．012，-0．013，-0．021。结论儿童呼吸方式与颅面形态具有一定相关性。